Trading post taxes and other tariffs
no.
It would serve to only further drive players from low-pop to high-pop servers. Lotteries, so long as the expected payout is extremely low (preferably negative), could work… otherwise it’s just another source of inflation.
High population servers makes full use of a server and makes the server environment more lively. If population affects things like wvw game play then wvw should take server population into account when matching servers.